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Are Asian elephants losing their homes? The facts tell a different story_我的网站

霍去病

A |     Search for China’s wild elephants, and you’ll find headlines like these: “Elephants are running out of habitat” and “Human-elephant conflict.”    Reuters once noted that while China’s wild elephant population was recovering, their available habitat had come under increasing pressure, potentially increasing the risk of human-elephant conflict.    The report also raised a broader question: How Xishuangbanna protects its elephants and ecosystems may help shape China’s broader relationship with nature.    So, what do the facts show?    August 12 is World Elephant Day, while August 15 marks China’s National Ecology Day and the day China’s Ecological and Environmental Code officially takes effect.    In 2021, a herd of wild Asian elephants in Yunnan traveled more than 1,400 kilometers over 124 days, drawing worldwide attention.    Today, China’s wild Asian elephant population has grown to nearly 400. From nature reserves and dedicated feeding grounds to early-warning systems and a strengthening legal framework, China is exploring a new balance between people and elephants.    Masood Khalid, former Pakistani ambassador to China, said China has achieved “all-round development” through people-centric policies. He noted that China could share its expertise, knowledge and technology with developing countries, particularly under the Belt and Road Initiative and the Global Development Initiative, “so that they are better equipped to preserve wildlife.”    K.D. Parakum Shantha, mayor of Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia, Sri Lanka, also highlighted Xishuangbanna’s approach to development. He said Xishuangbanna protects the elephants in the rainforest while the city has developed within the rainforest without destroying the local ecology, calling it “a very great thing.”    The Asian elephant story offers a window into China’s broader system of environmental governance. As China’s new energy vehicle, photovoltaic and wind power industries continue to grow, its ecological practices are contributing more experience and momentum to the global green transition. (Huang Fang, Intern: Zou Hanjun)                        。    

用号称“工业母机”的高端机床卡中国脖子？日本的“自戕式豪赌”注定失败。近日，日本新修订的《输出贸易管理令》正式生效。这意味着，一些精密机床对华出口从批量许可变为“一事一议”，审批周期最长可能被拉至半年，尤其是在航空航天、军工、半导体等重点行业，被驳回率可能将超过80%。日本指望打出“机床牌”卡住中国脖子，换取稀土供应等谈判筹码，同时也向美国对华遏制战略递上“投名状”。然而，这注定是一场“自损一千”的战略妄想。

B | 一方面，中国市场是日本机床企业最重要的盈利来源，占其海外出口总额约32%。据《日本经济新闻》报道，日本国内机床订单额自2023年开始已连续3年下滑。在这样的背景下，强行断供中国订单，对日本机床企业无异于“自残”。另一方面，中国高端机床早已不是白纸一张，而是正处在从“助跑”到“腾飞”的临界点。在中低端市场，国产替代早已铺开；在高端领域，一批企业也在加速突围。今年1月，德国机床制造商协会发布的数据显示，中国机床出口超过德国首次跃居全球首位。该协会称，中国占全球机床出口业务的份额为21.6%，而德国降到了16.7%。当然，相比国际尖端水平，中国高端机床的现实差距也必须正视。

C | 过去，国内企业习惯了“造不如买”，这不仅将国内市场让给了外方，也让国产设备缺少大规模试错验证、积累经验的机会。如今，当下游用户别无选择，国产设备将迎来一场证明自己的“大考”。短期阵痛可能无法避免，但长期看，这必将倒逼国产供应链完成升级。历史反复证明，中国这么大市场，“卡脖子”卡不住中国。任何试图通过技术封锁遏制中国发展的企图，最终都是倒逼中国完成自主可控，最终只会失去中国市场。病急乱投医，日方不反思自身的病灶，反而在错误道路上狂飙突进，其结果早已注定。

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